1.3.4 Web Technologies Exam Questions

Past paper questions

1. Question 1H446/01 · June 20244 marks

   The company would like to start selling their products on their website. They will use both client side and server side processing to do this. Tick (✓) one box on each row to identify whether each task would be best performed on the client side or the server side.

   Task	Client side	Server side
   Loading the website HTML code
   Applying CSS styles to a website
   Running JavaScript code to check that the customer surname has been entered on the order form
   Running queries on the database to check if an item is available in stock

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   Loading HTML - Client Side Applying CSS - Client Side Running JavaScript validation - Client Side Running database queries - Server Side (4 marks - 1 per row)

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2. Question 2H446/01 · June 202412 marks

   Discuss why search engine indexing and page ranking will be important in achieving this. You should include: what search engine indexing means and what information is collected, what PageRank means and possible factors that can affect a PageRank score, possible ways for the company to improve the PageRank score.

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   Levels of response question (12 marks) AO1 Search engine indexing: Bots/spiders/crawlers crawl the web finding web pages, navigate from page to page following hyperlinks, record information such as text/metatags/position of words, store in search engine's database. PageRank: Used to find and rank website pages, list results in search engine, higher score appears higher in list, calculated using weighted directed graph (pages are nodes, hyperlinks are edges), damping factor used. AO2 To get more presence: Make effective use of meta tags, H1 tags with suitable headings, increase number/quality of incoming links from other websites, increase outgoing links, keywords in meta/title/header tags. AO3 PageRank is only one algorithm used. Company needs to consider who links to their page, ensure site is malware-free/secure.

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3. Question 3H446/015 marks

   Write JavaScript code for the function errorCheck which: checks the length of the password is between 8 and 12 characters, displays the message 'Password Length Error' in the HTML label tag identified by the id errorText if the length is not between 8 and 12 characters.

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   Correctly declared function errorCheck() Use getElementById and assign to a variable Use if statement to check if password length < 8 or > 12 Inside if statement set innerHTML of errorText to "Password Length Error" (5 marks - 1 per bullet) Example: function errorCheck() { var pass = document.getElementById("Password").value; if (pass.length > 12 || pass.length < 8) { document.getElementById("errorText").innerHTML = "Password Length Error"; } }

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4. Question 4H446/01 · June 20235 marks

   The robot provides a web-based interface for users. The home screen webpage for this interface is shown in Fig. 4. Complete this HTML code that will display the webpage shown in Fig. 4.

   <html>
       <head>
           <title>Robot User Interface</title>
       </head>
       <body>
           <h1>Robot prime directives</h1>
           ..........................
               <li>Serve the company trust</li>
               <li>Protect data</li>
               <li>Uphold standards</li>
           ..........................
           <a .................. = "updates.html">Updates</a>
           <p>..........................</p>
           <form action="dologin.php">
               Password
               <input type = "..............." name="pw">
               <input type = "...............">
           </form>
       </body>
   </html>

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   1 mark for each correct completion: • <ul> and </ul> around the list items • href in the anchor tag • Login as the text of the paragraph • password (or text) as the input type of the password field • submit as the input type of the button (5 marks)

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5. Question 5H446/01 · June 20233 marks

   Write CSS code that could be used in an external stylesheet to format all text using the <h1> tag as white with a red background.

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   h1 { color: white; background-color: red; } (3 marks - 1 for selector, 1 for color, 1 for background-color) Accept hex values: #FFF/#FFFFFF for white, #F00/#FF0000 for red

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6. Question 6H446/01 · June 20233 marks

   State the name of one relevant piece of legislation and describe how this would protect images.

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   Copyright, Designs and Patents Act Gives the author ownership/copyright of the photographs (automatic) Others cannot use/distribute without permission / can be prosecuted/fined Permission can be granted/bought/licensed (3 marks - 1 for Act name, 2 for description)

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7. Question 7H446/01 · June 20232 marks

   Give two ways that they could make sure these images are used legally.

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   Ask permission of author/photographer/owner Use images marked as copyright free (e.g. Creative Commons Licence) Purchase (licence to use) image (2 marks - 1 per bullet)

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8. Question 8H446/01 · June 20214 marks

   Describe how a website is indexed by a search engine.

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   Web crawler/spider visits site (from existing list or following links) Records information such as text/metatags/position of words Storing them in an index Follows links to other sites Robots.txt file can be used to instruct web crawlers (4 marks - 1 per bullet)

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9. Question 9H446/01 · June 20211 mark

   State what is meant by the term 'damping factor'.

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   A value between 0 and 1 / Probability that a user will not follow a link (1 mark)

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10. Question 10H446/01 · June 20212 marks

    Give two other factors that affect the output value given by the PageRank algorithm for a website.

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    Number of links to target site PageRank score of those sites (linking inwards) (2 marks - 1 per bullet)

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11. Question 11H446/01 · June 20214 marks

    Describe the purpose of HTML and CSS within the code of the website.

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    HTML defines the structure of a web page HTML defines the content of a web page using tags (enclosed in <>) CSS defines the style/appearance CSS uses selectors such as classes/IDs Can be placed within HTML or externally in a file Multiple pieces of CSS can be combined (4 marks - 2 for HTML, 2 for CSS, max 4)

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12. Question 12H446/01 · June 20199 marks

    Discuss the technologies the programmer would need to know and use and the importance of each one.

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    Levels of response question (9 marks) AO1 HTML: understand how to write/define structure of web pages. CSS: understand how to define formatting of websites. JavaScript: understand how to write client side code, allowing interactivity. Server-side processing/PHP/ASP: allowing dynamic websites. Databases/SQL: allowing websites to store and retrieve data. Photo editing: preparing images for website. AO2 HTML essential - impossible to handcode without it. CSS essential for consistent looking sites. JavaScript essential for interactive elements (validation). Server-side important for changing content. Databases useful for dynamic sites. Photo editing less essential if assets pre-prepared. AO3 Understanding all three (HTML/CSS/JS) is essential for the role. WYSIWYG tools exist but produce inefficient code. Need to hand tweak code at some point.

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13. Question 13H446/01 · June 20191 mark

    State what is meant by the term 'server'.

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    A device which provides a central point of control/access (1 mark)

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14. Question 14H446/01 · June 20192 marks

    Explain why it is important that the review score that the user entered is also checked server-side.

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    Client side processing can be modified / can sometimes be disabled on the browser To prevent malicious code (such as SQL injection/XSS) To prevent a non-validated review being sent to the server (2 marks - 1 per bullet)

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