Different problems require different approaches to solve them efficiently. Programming paradigms provide frameworks for thinking about and structuring solutions.
Definition
A programming paradigm is a fundamental style or approach to programming that provides a framework for how programs are structured and how problems are solved.
Imperative vs Declarative
Key Point
Two Main Categories:
Imperative Paradigms - Focus on HOW to solve a problem
• You specify the exact steps the computer must take
• Like giving detailed directions: "Turn left, walk 50m, turn right..."
• Examples: Procedural, Object-Oriented
Declarative Paradigms - Focus on WHAT the outcome should be
• You describe what you want, not how to get it
• Like saying: "Get me to the train station"
• Examples: Functional, Logic programming, SQL
Imperative Paradigms - Focus on HOW to solve a problem
• You specify the exact steps the computer must take
• Like giving detailed directions: "Turn left, walk 50m, turn right..."
• Examples: Procedural, Object-Oriented
Declarative Paradigms - Focus on WHAT the outcome should be
• You describe what you want, not how to get it
• Like saying: "Get me to the train station"
• Examples: Functional, Logic programming, SQL